Wrench.



J. MARSH.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 20, 1911.

Patented Dec. 26, 1911.

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J. MARSH.

WRENCH.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 20, 1911.

1,012,881. 1 Patented Dec.26, 1911.

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COLUMBIA PLANouRAPH (IO-,WASHINDION. D. c.

JAMES MARSH, OF ACADEMY,'SOUTH DAKOTA.

WRENCH.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES MARSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Academy, in the county of Charles Mix, State of South Dakota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to ratchet wrenches, and has for an object to provide a ratchet wrench having spring controlled dogs that are selectively moved to released position by a novel lever working between oppositely disposed rocking cams, this lever having novel locking notches which when the lever is rocked to operative position in either direction on its pivot engage with the related cam and selectively locks one of the pawls in released position.

A further object is to provide novel cams which have cam surfaces that will engage in and conform to the contour of the locking notches when the lever is moved to operative position so that displacement of the operating pawl until manually released is positively prevented.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a wrench having a novel sliding yoke by means of which the ratchet bit holding socket of the wrench is detachably engaged with the wrench handle.

WVith the above objects in view the invention consists in certain novel details of construction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed, it being understood that various modifications may be made in the minor details of construction within the scope of the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification :Figure 1 is a front elevation of a wrench embodying my improvements with both pawls in released position and locking the ratchet bit holding socket stationary. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the wrench with one pawl in operative position. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the wrench with the other pawl in operative position. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sec tional view through the wrench. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the wrench.

Referring now to the drawings in which like characters of reference designate similar Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 20, 1911.

Patented Dec. 26, 1911.

Serial No. 622,309.

parts, the wrench is shown to comprise a handle 10 having an off set 11 which is provided near its outer end with a circular opening 12 in which is rotatably mounted a bit holding chuck or socket member 13. The socket member is provided peripherally with ratchet teeth 14 which are arranged in a circular series and form a ratchet wheel, the socket member being uniformly reduced beyond the ratchet wheel to form a cylindrical bearing 15 which works in the circular opening 12, and this bearing projects through the opening and is then equipped with an .annular groove 16. A yoke piece 17 is provided on its shank with a slot 18 through which a screw 19 carried by the body is engaged, this screw permitting of the yoke being slid to engage in the groove and retain the socket member in position and further permitting of the yoke being retracted back out of the groove so that the socket member may be reduced and replaced with a similar member having a different bit holding socket 20.

Pivotally mounted on the body is a pair of pawls 21 and 22, each pawl being provided with a tooth 23 at one end which is adapted to'engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel. The pawls are pivotally connected to the body remote from their toothed ends, pivot pins 24 being engaged through the pawls and body to attain this end. A bridge piece 25 spans the pawls and connects together the outer ends of the pivot pins. Each pawl is provided beyond the bridge piece with a lug 26, these lugs being inserted in the terminal convolutions of a helical spring 27 the spring bearing with its 0pposite terminal co-n-volutions against the confronting faces of the pawls and holding the outer ends of the pawls spread apart so that the toothed ends of the pawls are normally in engagement with the ratchet wheel and prevent rotation of the socket member in either direction. An abutment lug 28 is fixed to the body of the pawl, and the outer end of this lug contacts with the toothed ends of the pawls and limits the movement of the toothed ends of the pawls toward each other.

For rocking one of the pawls to released position so that the mating pawl may alone be in operative engagement with the ratchet wheel, lever-controlled rocking cams are employed which will now be described.

Each cam 29 is approximately V-shaped in general contour and is pivoted at its elbow to the handle by a pivot pin 30, the pivot pins of both pawls being connected at their outer ends by a bridge piece 31. The end edges of the legs of each cam are rounded as shown at 32, one leg of each cam engaging in and conforming to the contour of a rounded recess 33 formed in the outer face of the related pawl. This leg operates to rock the pawl outwardly to released position against the tension of the spring when the cam is rocked upon its pivot. The rounded surface of the mating leg of each cam forms a cam surface which bears upon the cam surface of a lever 34.

The lever comprises a head 35 which is pivotally connected to the body through the instrumentality of a pivot pin 36, the edge of the head being curved outwardly and reversely from the confronting cam surfaces 32 of the cams. The head is provided with a short grip 37 against which the thumb may be placed in rocking the lever on its pivot. The rounded cam edge on each side of the lever head terminates in a locking notch 38 arranged at the juncture of the head and grip, this locking notch being designed to conform to the contour of the cam surface of the mating cam when the lever is rocked to its limit of movement in either direction as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. By virtue of the cams engaging in the notches, and as will be noted bearing upon the grip of the lever, the spring causes the cam of the pawl rocked to released position to be held snugly in the locking recess of the lever head so that the lever will be locked against accidental release. In this manner either pawl may be selectively rocked to released position and locked in this position so that the mating pawl will alone be in operative position and permit of the actuation of the socket member in a certain direction.

What is claimed, is

1. A tool including a handle, a ratchet wheel on said handle having a bit socket, a spring controlled pawl engaged with said ratchet wheel, and means for releasing said pawl comprising a lever having a head provided with an outwardly curved cam edge terminating in a locking notch, and a rocking cam having one end operatively engaging said pawl and having its opposite end formed with a cam edge, said pawl cam edge fitting in said locking notch when the head is in operative position and locking the lever in operative position and the pawl in released position.

2. A tool including a handle, a ratchet wheel on said handle having a bit socket, oppositely disposed spring controlled pawls engaged with said ratchet wheel, and means for selectively moving either of said pawls to released position including a lever having a grip, and having a head provided with outwardly curved cam edges on opposite sides of its center and terminating in looking notches at the juncture of said grip with the head, and angular oppositely disposed rocking cams having legs engageable with said pawls and having legs provided with curved cam edges engageable with said head cam edges, the cam edge of one of said angular cams lockingly engaging in one of said locking notches upon rocking of said lever in either direction to operative position.

In testimony whereof, I atlix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES MARSH.

Witnesses:

G. A. BLUM, FRANK MASHEK Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, 

